更新于2022.4.20

• 1. 成绩分配
• 2. BB 平台
  • Module 1 IT Professional English Conversations
    • Unit 1 Getting Started
      • 1.2 Test
        • 1.2.1 Fill in the blanks
        • 1.2.2 Talking over the phone
    • Unit 2 Formulating Plans
      • 2.2 Fill in the blanks
    • Unit 3 Specifying Customer Needs
      • 3.2 Fill in the blanks
    • Unit 4 Describing Designs
      • 4.2 Fill in the blanks
    • Unit 5 Detailing Processes
      • 5.2 Fill in the blanks
    • Unit 6 Documenting Your Work
      • 6.2 Fill in the blanks
    • Unit 7 Implementing A Project
      • 7.2 Fill in the blanks
    • Unit 8 Negotiating Assignments
      • 8.2 Fill in the blanks
  • Module 2 Computer Science English Note-taking
    • Unit 1 Development of Computer
      • I Word dictation
      • II Word stress and spot dictation
      • III Compound dictation
      • IV Comprehensive dictation
        • Listen and write
        • Listen and translate
    • Unit 2 Computer Architecture
      • I Word dictation
      • II Spot dictation
      • III Retelling dictation
      • IV Summary
      • V Comprehensive dictation
    • Unit 3 Operating System
      • I Word dictation
      • II Spot dictation
      • III Retelling dictation
      • IV Summary
      • V Sentence dictation
    • Unit 4 Computer Language and Programming
      • I Word dictation
      • II Spot dictation
      • III Compound dictation
    • Unit 5 Office Automation
      • I Word dictation
      • II Compound dictation
      • III Comprehensive Dictation
    • Unit 6 Database
      • I Word dictation
      • II Spot dictation
      • III Compound dictation
    • Unit 7 Computer networks
      • I Word dictation
      • II Spot dictation
      • III Compound dictation
  • Quiz 1
  • Quiz 2
  • Quiz 3

1. 成绩分配

2. BB 平台

Module 1 IT Professional English Conversations

Unit 1 Getting Started

1.2 Test

1.2.1 Fill in the blanks

1. ---- Good morning, General Computers. [How can I help you] ?

   ---- Good morning. May I speak to Ms. Jerkins, please? I need to know if she has [worked out] the project plan yet.

2. ---- We have to [sort out] the most talented programmers for this siginificant project.

   ---- Well, Beth is always [keeping track of] the programmers' performances. You can ask for his opinion.

3. ---- [You mean] we have to depend on our clients in finding a best solution?

   ---- No, what I meant was that they must play a more active role in defining the software. They need to [brief us on] their exact needs.

4. ---- So far we have [figured out] the one best solution for out project.

   ---- Great. What did you [come up with] ? Tell me about it.

5. ----You said your team won't use Java. That doesn't [sound like] you.

   ---- Well, [because of] the current schedule of this project, our progerammers won't have enough time to get familiar with Java. Only three of us are cetified Java programmers.

1.2.2 Talking over the phone

1. You are asking a client, Ms. White, to send you a User Requirements Document.

   Ms. White, I am wondering if you could send me a User Requirements Document?

2. Ms. White wants to add a new user scenario to the software, and you want to know more about it.

   Ms. White, would you please tell me more about the scenario?

3. You have to tell Mrs. Wood that the program designed for her company won't be able to incorporate an online payment system.

   Mrs. Wood, I’m afraid to tell you that the program won’t include an online payment module.

4. You need to ask a client whether there is any technical jargon that needs explaining in the feasibility report you sent to him/her.

   Since you’ve looked at the feasibility report, I’m calling to make sure there is no technical jargon we need to explain in it.

Unit 2 Formulating Plans

2.2 Fill in the blanks

1. --- What if we just used a free scheduling software to keep track of the progress? That would save [quite a bit] .

   --- [I'm afraid] that's not workable. I don't know of any decent free scheduler.

2. --- I think if we use the legacy HTML files instead of [putting together] new stuff with ASP.NET, we'll save a whole lot of time.

   --- But [there is no way] we would give thousands of HTML files to the clients. We don't deliver inferior products.

3. --- We'd really appreciate it if you can port the software to GNU/Linux environment, [as long as] that won't be a big problem for you.

   --- [I understand your concern] . But do we have to release it as free software under the GPL license?

4. --- We have to reschedule. I think [that's why] we're all here today. Well, do you think it's better if we develop the software in multiple versions?

   --- [That sounds great] . We will win a lot of extra time if we can persuade the client.

5. ---[Do you mean that] our program crashed due to a security leak? But according to our investigation, the downtime was due to a vulnerability in your Windows system.

   --- [I see your point] . Thank you for the information. Maybe we need to update our operating system more often.

Unit 3 Specifying Customer Needs

3.2 Fill in the blanks

1. --- [In my opinion] , we ll need to spend more time on the design phase.

   --- I agree, but [now that] we've spent an extra week in recruitment, we really have little time left.

2. --- Well, the current design is quite enough. [That is to say] , we have nearly everything we need.

   --- All right. Send me the design specs, and I'll [have a look] .

3. --- I think [it may be better to] design a new developing environment for this project.

   --- I don't know, but [what if] the new platform cost us too much and affected our rate of progress?

4. --- We can't drop the current design and make another just [based on] your report.

   --- Well, I've said enough. [Most importantly] , please consider its feasibility.

5. ---The new component [sounds good] . Could you tell me more about its functions?

   --- OK. [In short] , it provides speech recognition interface for users to input text.

Unit 4 Describing Designs

4.2 Fill in the blanks

1. --- [I figured] that there would be a new engineer assigned to our group.

   --- [Precisely]! The young man over there will be on our team from next Monday.

2. --- Well, Ms. Jones. [I called to] ensure that you have everything you need.

   --- Thanks, Mr. Brown. But [could you tell me more about] the architecture of the new codecs?

3. --- [The point is] , we can't spend more than one month in designing. That's too costly.

   --- I tend to disagree. Well, maybe [we need to look into this some more] .

4. --- [Would you mind] telling Mike that a design document is ready for his inspection?

   --- Well, I guess he should be available by now. I'd better [transfer] you [through] to him.

5. --- That's an absolutely great idea! [You are really something]

   --- Thank you for your comment. I guess we'd better [run] this [past] our Project Manager first.

Unit 5 Detailing Processes

5.2 Fill in the blanks

1. a) – It would be better to gradually [work your way up] to these new projects next year.

   – I agree. [That way], it might demonstrate a year's worth of understanding as opposed to this mad dash to meet deadlines.

2. – Please remember to [be strict about] deadlines. We expect all the group members to complete the work they’ve committed themselves to.

– Thanks, Mr. Johnson. [This time around], we won’t let you down.

3. – Oh, [it should be something like this]: a complex system that handles and verifies all the connections.

   – I’ve got it. You advice [is of] great [help] to us.

4. – For a systems analyst, I guess it is essential to [be familiar with] UML or other modeling languages.

   – Right. [On the other hand], developers should also learn to speak the same language.

5. – You seem to have something in your mind. Just [go ahead].

   – Actually, I think the current design is flawed in terms of its feasibility. We can review it [from another perspective].

Unit 6 Documenting Your Work

6.2 Fill in the blanks

1. – I guess a new year is a good time for [breaking old habits]. We should start to make the new development regulations work from now on.

   – That sounds great, but are you sure your guys have [made] the regulations [clear] enough to put into effect?

2. – [There is a problem with] the syntax in these lines. Have you checked the code yourself?

   – Ah, I am terribly sorry, please let me [jot down] these lines, and I’ll get around to them as soon as possible.

3. – Well, I assume [it would be much better if] class names, variables, and comments were in bold or in a different color.

   – Thanks for your advice, but I’d better [stick to] the conventions set by my company.

4. – OK, everyone. [That's about all/That is about all] for this session of our meeting. In the next session, we’ll have group discussions about what we’ve learnt today.

   – [I’m sorry to say/I am sorry to say] that I am still confused about one thing: why can’t we capitalize the first word in a function name?

5. – The good news is, with the new platform, programmers will [get down to business] faster with hundreds of compatible products and integrated solutions.

– Maybe, they just have to spend a lot of time to [get ready for] this new change.

Unit 7 Implementing A Project

7.2 Fill in the blanks

1. – You really have got [a good grasp of] this whole project, Jim.

   – Thank you. I’m just [acting on] the work plan and sticking to it.

2. – I really wish those new hires could get on the right track [as] soon [as possible].

   – Well, I believe it’s important to [allow time for] things to mature, for mistakes to be made, and for lessons to be learned.

3. – What do you think is the most important thing for anyone who is [in charge of] a software project?

   – I guess the most important thing is to [keep on top of] scientific and technological progress.

4. – OK, it seems there’s no problem that we’re [aware of] in this agreement.

   – Does that mean we’re finally able to [sign off on] it? It has already taken us two months.

5. – This work package is assigned to two developers from Ace Corp. [One] of them will write the code, and [the other] will test it.

   – And [I'd like to] add that they will be in close cooperation with the rest of the team.

Unit 8 Negotiating Assignments

8.2 Fill in the blanks

1. – I feel I really can’t [go over] all these documents today. They are too long.

   – Why don’t we [put our heads together] on this? Two heads are better than one.

2. – I would very much like to [put more time and effort into] this project, but I already have another project at hand, so I have no choice but to select someone else who has the time, talent, knowledge and skills to complete it.

   – Well, you can largely [put] this project [on hold], and resume it after the other is completed.

3. – [Sorry to be so blunt], but you guys have to learn to listen or this whole project will continue to get bad comments and eventually it will die.

   – The point is, we have [no more than] five people on our team. How the hell can we succeed?

4. – I guess some of you would still question the decision to [leave] him [out] of our team, right?

   – I just think you should [consult with] more shareholders before you make such an important decision.

5. – Actually, we just need to know how much time to [allot ourselves to] unit test. We have no idea at all.

   – You can [carry] it [out] soon after an important module is finished, or you may wait till all the modules are finished and do it once for all.

Module 2 Computer Science English Note-taking

Unit 1 Development of Computer

I Word dictation

II Word stress and spot dictation

1. A computer is a tool for manipulating and [storing] information.
2. Today, computers leave virtually no aspect of life or work [untouched] .
3. The numbers, letters and [images] input to a computer are called data.
4. The output, intended for use and interpretation by people, is called [information] .
5. The reason why a computer can work at rather high speed is very simple:it is an [electronic] machine.
6. Computers' [achievements] are limited by minds of human beings.III Compound dictation.
7. It was during this period that [symbolic] languages were developed.
8. In the second generation of computers, [transistors] replaced vacuum tube.
9. The computers became even smaller, while their memory [capacities] became larger.
10. Today, there are more [microprocessors] on Earth than there are people.

III Compound dictation

The general characteristics of modern computer include that the machine is electronic, that it has a [stored program] , and that it is [general-purpose/general purpose] . We can not call Z3 a modern computer because it had a [mechanical memory] . The modern computer era began with the appearance of the ENIAC. From then on, computers became useful [scientific and business] tools. Moreover, the [refinements] in computers' speed, size and cost have been made continuously.

It is hard to say exactly when the modern computer was invented. Starting in the 1930s and through the 1940s, a number of machines were developed which were similar to a computer. But most of these machines did not have all characteristics that we associated with computers today. These characteristics are that the machine is electronic, that it has a stored program, and that it is general-purpose. One of the first computer-like devices was developed in Germany by Konard Zuse in 1941. Called the Z3, it was general-purpose, stored-program machine with electronic parts, but it had a mechanical memory. The first general-purpose electronic computer which operated successfully was the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). With the development of the ENIAC, computer became a useful scientific and business tool. The ENIAC could operate without human intervention, depending only upon stored instructions. This development marked the beginning of the modern computer era. Since then, many refinements in computer's speed, size and cost have been made.

IV Comprehensive dictation

Listen and write

ps:（好恶心的题）Ctrl+C和Ctrl+V的时候，可以直接带上每个单词后边的空格，不用手动删除，已经试验了，多空格不会判错。

1. Nowadays, people rely more on computers to solve various kinds of problems.
2. Database services and computer networks make available a great variety of information sources.
3. From that start, computers have developed through four generations, or stages, each one characterized by smaller size, and less expense than its predecessor.
4. Generally, the larger the system, the greater is its processing speed, storage capacity, and cost.
5. You may have noticed that experienced computer users often speak a different language.

Listen and translate

1. 现在,人们越来越多地依靠计算机来解决各种问题。
2. 数据库服务和计算机网络使各种各样的信息源可供使用。
3. 从那时起,计算机经历了四个发展时代或阶段,每一代与上一代相比,都具备体积更小费用更低的特点。
4. 一般说来,系统越大,其处理速度越快、存储能力越强、费用越高。
5. 你可能已经注意到,有经验的计算机使用者经常会说出一些你不懂的话。

Unit 2 Computer Architecture

I Word dictation

II Spot dictation

1. The model of the typical modern [digital] computer is often called the von Neumann computer.
2. In the early 1950s, the respectable German John von Neumann proposed the concept of a stored [program] computer.
3. Most computers nowadays are [synchronous] , which means they are controlled by a clock.
4. In every computer, the [processor] is always of great importance.
5. The PC has totally changed our means of [communicating] .
6. The PC was from the start standardized and had an open [architecture] .
7. The microprocessor or CPU is the heart of any computer device and the single most important [chip] in the computer.
8. Modern processors contain millions of [transistors] which are etched onto a tiny square silicon called a die , which is about the width of a standard thumb.
9. When we talk about main memory, we mean [physical] memory that is internal to the computer.
10. The CPU performs the system's [calculating] and processing.

III Retelling dictation

The function of modem is to convert between [digital/analog/analogue] and [digital/analog/analogue] signals. Computers use digital signals, which are made up of [separate units] , usually represented by a series of 1's and 0's. Sound wave, as one kind of analog signals, varies [continuously] . Computers are enables to communicate with each other across telephone lines by modems. A modem converts the digital signals of the sending computer to analog signals that can be [transmitted] through telephone lines. When the signal reaches its destination, another modem reconstructs the original digital signal, which is processed by the receiving computer.

IV Summary

The development of technology and great [demand] has led to DVD. Film industry prefers to replace analog video tapes by digital disks because they have a higher [quality] , are cheaper to manufacture, last longer, take up less shelf space in video stores and do not have to be [rewound] . The consumer electronics companies love digital disks because they want to provide a new [blockbuster] product. Furthermore, the computer companies would like to add [multimedia] features to their software.

V Comprehensive dictation

1. 不加夸张地讲,市场上有来自不同厂商的几百种不同类型的计算机在销售。
2. 尽管微处理器严格说来仍被归为硬件,但它的部分功能也与计算机软件相关。
3. 输出硬件由外部设备构成,它们将计算机中心处理器发出的信息传递给使用者。
4. 同样重要的是,这些晶体管能够通过金属化过程来连接,以形成电路。
5. 令包括摩尔在内的许多人惊奇的是,这种态势年复一年地继续下来。

Unit 3 Operating System

I Word dictation

II Spot dictation

III Retelling dictation

As an extension and [replacement] for Microsoft's Disk Operation System, windows has become the most [widely] used operation system in the world. It enables users to enter commands with a [point and click] device, such as a [mouse] , instead of a keyboard and allows them to manipulate icons on the computer [screen] to issue command.

在计算机领域,是由微软公司发售的个人计算机操作系统,该系统允许用户通过使用“瞄准并点击”设备如鼠标,代替键盘输人指令。Windows操作系统为用户提供图形用户界面(GUI),许可他们在计算机屏幕上制作小型图片(一般被称为图标)代表命令。Windows是世界上使用最广泛的操作系统,它是微软公司磁盘操作系统(DOS)的发展和替代品。

IV Summary

With the technology development, the [keyboard] may be replaced by a means of using voice or [handwriting] for computer input in the future. But at present, it is rather difficult for computers to [recognize] the same input from different users because people pronounce and write words very [differently] . So these types of input are [imprecise] .

V Sentence dictation

1. [Devices that needed faster connections came with their own cards] , [which had to fit in a card slot in the computer case] .
2. 需要较快连接的设备有它们自己的卡,这些卡必须插入计算机机箱内相符合的卡槽。
3. [If it is a new device] , [the operating system autodetects it and asks for the driver disk] .
4. 如果是一个新的设备,操作系统会自动检查并要求提供驱动盘。
5. [Researchers at] U. C. Berkeley [performed analysis comparing high performance drives designed for] PC/AT [systems to those used by mainframes and] minicomputers.
6. 加州伯克利分校的研究人员对PC/AT系统所使用的高性能磁盘机和大型机、小型机所使用的磁盘机进行了比较分析。
7. [If one drive fails] , [data on the remaining two drives would be adequate to keep the system running] , and [for reconstructing the failed drive] .
8. 如果有一台磁盘机出现故障,剩下的两台磁盘机上的数据足以保持系统运行和修复出现故障的磁盘机。
9. FireWire [is finding favor not only for computer systems] , but [also in consumer electronics products] .
10. 火线不仅在计算机系统,而且在电子消费产品中都受到欢迎。

Unit 4 Computer Language and Programming

I Word dictation

II Spot dictation

1. There are five [generations] of programming languages.

   程序语言共有五代。

2. In the C language, units of data are called [structures] .

   C语言里，数据单元被称为结构。

3. Teachers instructed us to create 10 [applets] about counting.

   老师指导我们创建10个关于运算的小程序。

4. We use [tags] to denote the various elements in an HTML document.

   我们使用标签表示网页文件中的各种元素。

5. Assembly language provides English [abbreviation] for computer operation.

   汇编语言为计算机操作提供英文缩略语名称。

6. Each [successive] generation gets closer to representing data in human terms.

   每一代后继语言距用人类术语表达的形式更进一步。

7. A complier translates code written in a computer language into an [executable] form.

   编译器将计算机语言编写的代码翻译成可执行的格式。

8. The [ultimate] goal of programmers is to be able to tell the computer what to do in their native language.

   程序员的最终目标是能够以自己的语言告诉计算机要做什 么。

9. [Compressed] files travel faster via modem which reduces telecommunication transmission and reception.

   压缩文件通过调制解调器传输更快,它们减少了电信的传输量和接收量。

10. Many database [query] languages would fall under the fourth-generation heading.

    多种数据库查询语言都可以归为第四代的类目下。

III Compound dictation

1. Humans employ high-level language because it provides [functions] and means of [reasoning] that are easy to understand. However, the high-level language tended to be a good bit [slower] than assembly or [machine] language because it is needed to be translated into machine language which the computer can [understand] before processing starts.

   High-level language provides functions and means of reasoning that made sense to humans. However, since computers don't know how to format output, or how to compute a cosine, considerable translation was needed to get to machine language the computer could understand. This meant that high-level languages tended to be a good bit slower than assembly or machine language.
   高级语言提供人类能懂的推理的功能和渠道。然而,因为计算机不懂如何格式化输出或计算余弦,所以要达到计算机能够理解的机器语言,就必需做相当多的翻译。这意味着高级语言比汇编或机器语言慢不少。

2. We would call HTML a [markup] language rather than a complete [programming] language. As ASCII text with [embedded] instructions, an HTML document affect the way the text is [displayed] . The basic model for HTML execution is to fetch a document by its name, interpret the HTML and displace the document. Thus, it's possible for the user to find [hot areas] in the displayed document.

   HTML is a markup language rather than a complete programming language. An HTML document is ASCll text with embedded instructions which affect the way the text is displayed. The basic model for HTML execution is to fetch a document by its name, interpret the HTML and display the document, possibly leaving hot areas into the displayed document that, if selected by the user, can accept user input or cause additional HTML documents to be fetched by URL.

   超文本标识语言是一种标记语言,而不是纯粹的编程语言。网页文件是嵌入指令的美国信交换标准码的文件,这影响了文件的显示方式。页面文件执行的最基础模式是按文件名获取文件,翻译超文本标识语言并且显示该文件,而能立即离开热点区域跳转到由使用者选择的所选页面,或是产生由统一资源定位符(URL)联系的其他页面文件。

Unit 5 Office Automation

I Word dictation

II Compound dictation

1. By offering more capabilities, new software enables people to [free] their creativity and [enhance] the quality and quantity of work. New versions of basic application software are being released [all the time]. It's quite easy to interact with them because almost all new software today has a [similar] command and menu structure. When a new version [comes out], it looks and feels quite similar to the previous version.

   New software versions will offer more capabilities, freeing your creativity and enhancing the quality and quantity of your work. New versions of basic application software are being released all the time. One way these programs change is in the software's capabilities. Interacting with them may not be as difficult as you might think. That’s because almost all new software today has a similar command and menu structure. When a new version comes out, it looks and feels quite similar to the previous version.
   软件的新版本能提供更多的功能, 从而释放你的创造力, 提升工作的质量和数量。基础应用软件的新版本一直都在发布。这些程序变化的一个主要方面在于软件的能力。应用它们也许并不像你想的那么困难。因为如今几乎所有的新软件都有相似的命令和菜单结构。新版本出现后, 它看起来和使用起来都和老版本相似。

2. Using presentation graphic programs could make your presentation more [interesting] and [professional]. For example, a marketing manager may present information to a group on marketing strategy and a salesperson may make a presentation to [persuade] you to purchase a product. In order to create [high-quality/high quality] class presentation, students also often utilize presentation graphic programs to [convey] their message effectively.

   People in a variety of settings and situations use presentation graphic programs to make their presentation more interesting and professional. For example, a marketing manager may present information to a group on marketing strategy and a salesperson may make a presentation to persuade you to purchase a product. Students use presentation graphic programs to create high-quality class presentations that effectively convey their message.
   在各种情境和场合下, 人们使用图形演示软件使它们的演讲更加有趣和专业。例如, 营销经理会通过演示向同事展示市场营销战略信息, 销售员会通过演示说服你购买产品。学生们利用图形演示软件准备高质量的课堂演讲, 以此有效地传达自己的观点。

III Comprehensive Dictation

1. [Microsoft Office 2007 is a perfect tool for creating appealing reports and fascinating presentations for school or work]

   微软Office 2007是一个可以用于学校或企业, 用来创建丰富多彩的报告和演示的特别好的工具。

2. [There are four typical applications with office automation] : desktop publishing, [electronic mail] , [video conference] and videotex.

   办公自动化有四个典型应用: 桌面印刷、电子邮件、视频会议和可视图文。

3. [A spreadsheet is a page with columns and rows] . You can [enter just about anything in the columns and rows] .

电子报表的行、列组成了页面，几乎可以在行列中输入任何信息 。

4. [In order to take advantage of increasingly efficient information processing methods] , employees [must use office automation] .

   为了充分利用快速增长的有效的信息处理方法，员工必须使用办公自动化。

5. [Modern offices are improving and streamlining procedures and systems] by using the [most advanced office equipment available].

   现代办公室正在使用现有的最先进的通用办公设备来改善工作步骤和系统，并使之流水化。

Unit 6 Database

I Word dictation

II Spot dictation

1. A database is a [collection] of related data.

   数据库是互相联系的数据的集合。

2. Popular database management programs include dBASE, Paradox, [Access] and Approach.

   常用的数据库管理软件包括dBASE, Paradox, Access 和Approach。

3. In a [relational] database, records correspond to rows in each table.

   在关系数据库中，记录对应表中的行。

4. Many database programs contain built-in math formulas, you can [calculate] the summation.

   很多数据库软件包括内置的数学公式，你可以计算数据的总和。

5. A DBMS includes a storage subsystem that stores and [retrieves] data in files.

   计算机数据库管理系统包括存储子系统，用来存储和恢复文件中的数据。

III Compound dictation

1. It's no longer necessary for the application program to have the built-in [detailed] knowledge of the [physical] organization of the data after a DBMS is used. The application program asks the DBMS for data by [field name] , for example, a coded representation of 'give me customer name and balance clue' would be sent to DBMS. If the data structure changes, all the [application] programs need to be [changed] , too

   When a DBMS is used, the detailed knowledge of the physical organization of the data does not have to be built into every application program. The application program asks the DBMS for data by field name, for example, a coded representation of "give me customer name and balance due" would be sent to the DBMS. Without a DBMS, the programmer must reserve space for the full structure of the record in the program. Any change in data structure requires changes in all the applications programs.
   使用数据库管理系统的时候,关于数据的物理组织细节知识没有必要内置在每个应用程序中。应用程序通过域名向数据库管理系统查询数据,例如,可以向数据库管理系统发送代码表示“请给我客户姓名和到期帐目”。如果没有数据库管理系统,程序员必须在程序内为整个记录的结构留出空间。数据结构上的任何变动都需要在所有的应用程序中做出相应改变。

2. The capability to locate records in the file quickly [features] all database programs. [Querying] a database refers to the program searches each record for a [match] in a particular field to whatever data you [specify] . Then, the records can be displayed on the screen for viewing, [updating] , or edting. For example, if an employee moves, the address field need to be changed. The record is quickly located by searching the database to find the employee record that matches the name field you specify. Once the record is displayed, the address field can be changed.

   A basic feature of all database programs is the capability to locate records in the file quickly. In this example, the program searches each record for a match in a particular field to whatever data you specify. This is called querying a database. The records can then be displayed on the screen for viewing, updating, or editing. For example, if an employee moves, the address field need to be changed. The record is quickly located by searching the database to find the employee record that matches the name field you specify. Once the record is displayed, the address field can be changed.
   所有数据库程序一个最基本的特征是可以很快地在文件中定位记录。在这个例子中,程序搜索每个记录寻找与你的特定要求相匹配的数据。这个过程称为查询数据库。接下来,记录就显示在屏幕之上供浏览、更新或编辑。例如,如果一个雇员搬家,那么地址字段需要改动。通过搜索数据库中姓名字段与你需求相匹配的信息,可以很快找到该雇员的记录。一且这条记录显示出来,就可以更改其地址字段。

Unit 7 Computer networks

I Word dictation

II Spot dictation

1. A collection of [interconnected/inter-connected] networks is called an internet or just internet.

   相互联通的网络的集合体被称为网间连接或简称互联网。

2. Intranets are company specific and do not have to have a [physical] connection to the Internet.

   内部网因公司而异, 同时不必和因特网有物理接口。

3. Intranets are an ideal solution to the problematic issue of [cost-effective/cost effective] remote access connectivity.

   对于划算的远程访问连接的疑难问题, 内部网是个理想的解决方案。

4. The design and [deployment] of the worldwide computer network can be viewed as one of the great technological wonders of recent decades.

   万维网的设计和使用可以被视为近几十年来伟大的技术奇迹之一。

5. As recently as the 1970s, computers were expensive, [fragile] machines that had to be looked after by specialists and kept in a controlled environment.

   早在20世纪70年代, 计算机还是昂贵和脆弱的机器,得由专家来照看并存放在受控制的环境条件下。

6. Computer networks during this period were not [commercially] available.

   这段时期的计算机网络还没有商业化应用。

7. In addition to providing shared access, modern LANs can also give users a wide range of [sophisticated] facilities.

   除了提供共享访问之外，现代局域网还可以为用户提供各种复杂的功能。

8. The [advent] of VPNs and open networks present organizations with major security concern.

   虚拟专用网络和开放网络的出现使组织机构面临很大的安全隐患。

9. To reduce their design complexity, most networks are organized as a [series] of layers or levels, each one built upon the one below it.

   为减少设计的复杂性, 很多网络以一系列层或级的结构组织起来, 每一层的构建都基于下面的层。

10. While it is not essential for an Intranet to have a physical connection into the Internet, the benefits can often [outweigh] the risks.

    尽管对内部网来说链接因特网的物理接口并非必要,但是有接口的好处远超过它可能带来的风险。

III Compound dictation

1. Computer networks can be roughly divided into three categories: local area networks, [metropolitan] networks, and wide area networks. Connected by connecting devices, networks make global communication from one side of the world to the other [possible] . The connecting devices can be divided into four types -- repeaters, [bridges] , routers and [gateways] according to their [functionality] .

   We can divide computer networks into three broad categories: local area networks, metropolitan networks, and wide area networks. The three network types can be connected using connecting devices. The interconnection of networks makes global communication from one side of the world to the other possible. Connecting devices can be divided into four types based on their functionality as related to the layers in the OSI model: repeaters, bridges, routers, and gateways.

   我们可以把计算机网络分为三大类:局域网、城域网和广域网。这三种类型的网络可以通过连接设备连接起来。网络的联通使得跨越世界两端的全球交流成为可能。根据连接设备的功能与开放式系统互连模式中关联的层次不同,可以将它们分为四类:中继器、网桥、路由器和网关。

2. A network can be defined as a group of computers and [associated] devices that are connected by communication [facilities] in computer science. It can involve permanent or [temporary] connections. Whether the network is small or large, it exists to provide users with the means of [communicating] and transforming information [electronically] .

   A network, in computer science, is a group of computers and associated devices that are connected by communications facilities. A network can involve permanent connections, such as cables, or temporary connections made through telephone or other communications links. A network can be as small as a local area network consisting of a few computers, printers and other devices, or it can consist of many small and large computers distributed over a vast geographic area. Small or large, a computer network exists to provide computer users with the means of communicating and transforming information electronically.

   计算机科学中的网络是指由通讯设备连接在一起的一些计算机和相关设备。网络可以包括永久性的连接，如电缆，也可以包括暂时性的连接，如电话线或其他通讯连接。一个网络可以只包括几台电脑、打印机和其他设备的很小的局域网，也可以是地理范围分布很广的包含多台小型和大型计算机的网络。无论是大是小，计算机网络的存在都为计算机使用者提供了交换和传输信息的电子方式。

Quiz 1

ps：题目顺序和选项顺序会随机生成！单词听写不要直接复制粘贴！

1. manipulate

2. device

3. transaction

4. chip

5. automation

6. retrieval

7. architecture

8. embedded

9. versatile

10. binary

11. The general characteristics of modern computer include that the machine is electronic, that it has a [stored program] , and that it is [general-purpose/general purpose] . We can not call Z3 a modern computer because it had a [mechanical memory] . The modern computer era began with the appearance of the ENIAC. From then on, computers became useful [scientific and business] tools. Moreover, the [refinements] in computers' speed, size and cost have been made continuously.

12. 1. ---- Good morning, General Computers. [How can I help you]?

       ---- Good morning. May I speak to Ms. Jerkins, please? I need to know if she has [worked out] the project plan yet.

    2. ---- We have to [sort out] the most talented programmers for this siginificant project.

       ---- Well, Beth is always [keeping track of] the programmers' performances. You can ask for his opinion.

    3. ---- [You mean] we have to depend on our clients in finding a best solution?

       ---- No, what I meant was that they must play a more active role in defining the software. They need to [brief us on] their exact needs.

    4. ---- So far we have [figured out] the one best solution for out project.

       ---- Great. What did you [come up with]? Tell me about it.

    5. ----You said your team won't use Java. That doesn't [sound like] you.

       ---- Well, [because of] the current schedule of this project, our progerammers won't have enough time to get familiar with Java. Only three of us are cetified Java programmers.

13. Which of the following is the main flaw in this resume?（ Assume the date of submission is January 2016. ）

    It is likely out of date.

14. Which of the following scenarios is most likely to occur in Avery's interview?

    Avery will not be able to correctly implement the solution to the live coding question the interviewer asks.

Quiz 2

ps：题目顺序和选项顺序会随机生成！单词听写不要直接复制粘贴！

1. format

2. maintenance

3. inheritance

4. graphical

5. variable

6. compatible

7. interface

8. script

9. evaluate

10. syntax

11. inherent

12. portable

13. query

14. allocator

15. overlap

16. execution

17. buffer

18. collaboration

19. debug

20. intuitive

21. Introducing workflow in an organization delivers benefits on the software development level as well as the business level. You are going to hear a passage about workflow. The passage will be played three times at the same speed. Listen carefully, and fill in the blanks with the words you have heard.

    A workflow management system will ease development and, even more importantly, make standard enterprise software easier to maintain.

    1. It reduces [development risk] . The business analyst will talk the same language as the developer. That implies that the developer will not have to make a translation from user requirements to a software design.
    2. It centralizes [implementation] . The biggest advantage of using a workflow system is that the implementation is not a fuzzy combination of software pieces [scattered] over various systems.
    3. It [accelerates] application development. You software [is free from] the task of [keeping track of] the participants in a process, thus [leading to] faster development and to an easier-to-maintain code.

    [On the business level] , you can automate your business processes by effective workflow management.

    1. It [improves efficiency] . Automation of many business processes results in the elimination of many unnecessary steps.
    2. It offers better [process control] . Improved management of business processes achieves standardized working methods and the availability of audit trails.
    3. It improves [customer service] . Consistency in the processes leads to greater predictability in customer response levels.
    4. [It provides flexibility] . Software control over processes enables their re-design in line with changing business needs.

22. Retelling Dictation: Listen and complete the passage with the words or phrases according to what you‘’ve heard from the speaker.

    Humans employ high-level language because it provides [functions] and means of [reasoning] that are easy to understand. However, the high-level language tended to be a good bit [slower] than assembly or [machine] language because it is needed to be translated into machine language which the computer can [understand] before processing starts.

23. Which of the following is NOT a goal of your brief response to the common question "Tell me a bit more about yourself?"

    [Give the interviewer a full recap of the items on your resume]

    其它选项：

    Give the interviewer a few conversation starters related to your background and/or the position.

    Reassure the interviewer that your interests and background align well with the position.

24. If you follow the speaker's "Practical tips" about the in-person interview, how should you be the morning of the interview (CHECK ALL THAT APPLY)?

    [Well fed and well rested.]

    [Relaxed and confident.]

    [Wearing proper interview attire.]

25. What does the speaker strongly recommend to boost your confidence? [Power pose]

Quiz 3

ps：单词听写部分随机出单词，并非固定答案

1. version

2. application

3. word wrap

4. video conference

5. streamline

6. word processor

7. corporate database

8. wizard

9. formula

10. office automation

11. Using presentation graphic programs could make your presentation more [interesting] and [professional] . For example, a marketing manager may present information to a group on marketing strategy and a salesperson may make a presentation to [persuade] you to purchase a product. In order to create [high quality] class presentation, students also often utilize presentation graphic programs to [convey] their message effectively.

12. Effective communication makes sure that a team works well. Here are some skills that can help you express your ideas to your teammates more effectively. The passage will be played three times at the same speed. Listen carefully, and fill in the blanks with the words you have heard.

    [Active listening] —Communication is a two-way street, so it is impotant that you listen carefully to your teammates when they are speaking. Don’t [tune speakers out] or get caught in the trap of planning ahead to what you want to say next. You may miss an important detail, and [in the worst case] , you may need to have the speaker repeat the detail you missed because you were not listening.

    Ask questions —If you hear something [that confuses you] , you should ask about it. Maybe you missed a detail or maybe you [remembered something others forgot] . In any case, it’s important that everyone understand exactly what's going on. [Chances are] that if you’re confused, then others are too.

    [Constructive feedback] .

    [Chat a little] —A meeting does not have to be 100% business. It is perfectly fine to ask team members how they are doing or what they are planning next weekend. This can really [help ease tension] when disagreements occur later. Of course, you should not socialize for the entire meeting.